A green aurora curtain arching over a snowy trail and spruce forest near Chena Hot Springs, Alaska

Stand under the northern lights

Where to go, which month, and how many nights you actually need. Planned on real odds, worked out from 26 winters of Fairbanks weather and the geomagnetic record, not wishful thinking.

Chena Hot Springs, Alaska. Photo: Analogick, CC BY 2.0 · 5-second exposure at high sensitivity: still brighter than the eye sees, but closer than most aurora photos.

Three questions, answered straight

Where should I go?

In or near the aurora ring

By our calculation from geomagnetic coordinates, Iceland, Tromsø and Abisko sit inside the band where auroras happen even on quiet nights, and Fairbanks sits right at its edge. Rovaniemi sits further south and needs a more active night.

When should I go?

Near the equinoxes

Activity runs higher around March and September. Then clear skies decide: in Fairbanks that puts the best window at late February to March.

How many nights?

Three for even odds

In Fairbanks in February–March, three nights gives about even odds of a proper display, and 8–9 nights about four in five. Cloudy spells come in runs, so leave room.

Where to go

Aurora over snow-covered cabins and spruce trees in Fairbanks Guide live

Alaska

Fairbanks sits at the edge of the aurora ring, in Alaska's interior. Best from late February to March.

10-second exposure: brighter than the eye sees

Green aurora reflected in still water beneath a dark mountain ridge in Iceland Guide live

Iceland

Magnetically deeper inside the ring than Lapland, with a whole holiday's worth of things to do if the sky stays shut.

15-second exposure: much brighter than the eye sees

A wide green aurora swirl above frosted birch trees and snow in Finnish Lapland Coming

Finnish Lapland

Glass igloos, huskies and plenty to do by day. Go north of Rovaniemi for better odds.

10-second exposure: brighter than the eye sees

Tromsø in Norway, Abisko in Sweden and Yellowknife in Canada follow.

Start with these guides

Why we print shutter speeds under our photos

At night your eyes see mostly in grey. A camera holds its shutter open for seconds and gathers the green that your eye can't. That's why so many people stand under a real display and feel let down. A typical aurora looks pale and silvery to the eye, and vivid on a phone. Strong nights are genuinely green to the eye; weak ones aren't.

So every aurora photo here says how long the shutter was open. Short exposures of a few seconds are close to what you'll see. Twenty seconds is brighter than real life.

How we work